Midwinter Fair


California Midwinter International Exposition



California Midwinter Fair Overview, Golden Gate Park, 1894

The City's first Fair was based on the Chicago Columbian Exposition of 1893, promoted by Michael H. de Young, and James Phelan, both San Franciscan businessmen. It was held in Golden Gate Park covering an area of sixty acres, principally on the site of the current Music Concourse.
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Grand Court and Electric Tower, California Midwinter Fair, 1894

The five main exposition buildings were grouped around a terraced central concert valley, in the center of which was the 260 foot Electric Tower. These buildings housed the Manufactures and Liberal Arts, the Mechanical Arts, the Fine Arts, Agriculture and Horticulture, and Administration.

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Egyptian Temple, California Midwinter Fair, 1894

The Fair's principal attractions included the fine art display in the Egyptian Temple building, right, which later became the de Young Museum. The Japanese Tea Garden, far left, was also popular, and remains a key exhibit in the Park today. Themed areas, such as Cairo Street, a Chinese theater, an Eskimo habitat and a buffalo paddock added diversity to the Fair.

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'49 Mining Camp, California Midwinter International Exposition, 1894

San Francisco used the Fair to promote the City's culture and the benefits of the mild California winter climate to increase tourism and attract new business. It also provided employment in a period of economic depression. During its 6 months of operation 2.5 million visitors attended the Fair.

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